I've spent 10+ years across startups, product, strategy, and marketing — a generalist who's lived in the personal-knowledge-management space for a long time. Early adopter of Roam, then Logseq, Tana, Obsidian, Notion, Coda.

At every company I've worked at I've been "the Notion guy" — the one who built the operating system everyone else ran on. I've done the same on a consulting basis, pairing those systems with AI-powered workflows. Being non-technical in the traditional sense turns out to be an advantage: I know what an ordinary knowledge worker actually wants from an AI workspace, because I am one. Today I'm AI lead at Dragonfly Thinking, building multi-agent strategic-intelligence systems and teaching teams to go AI-native.

At the risk of sounding like a tosser: I'm a pretty high-agency guy. Every job I've had I've gone in through the side door rather than traditional channels — cold-emailed my way onto Peter Diamandis' private plane for a job I wasn't qualified for (I didn't get it), while I was still at uni. Started a podcast in my early twenties because I was reading books and wanted to ask the authors my questions.

Intellectual background

Alongside the product work, I studied philosophy with honours, working across cognitive science, ethics, thermodynamics, and complex systems. My thesis, On What Is and Should Be, sat at the intersection of the Free Energy Principle, active inference, and entropy-based ethics. A second essay, A Selfish & Computational Justification for Global Wealth Redistribution, reframed economic growth as evolutionary search through possibility space.

I had long-form conversations with people working in these fields — Kevin Kelly, Geoffrey West, Aubrey de Grey — on the Talk of Today podcast. I seriously considered a PhD to keep pulling on the threads. I chose to build instead — these ideas land harder inside a product than inside a department.

How the theory shapes the product

Four ways the work above shapes Calyx:

1. A model can only act on a world it can see. Agents are systems that model the world and act to minimise prediction error — they work badly in opaque substrates and well in legible ones. That's why Calyx is a folder of plain markdown files: deterministic, inspectable, low-entropy. The file-first call isn't aesthetic. It's the condition under which agentic reasoning actually works.

2. Capability democratisation as a product implication. If humans are the distributed computational substrate of the economy, then unlocking under-tapped cognitive capacity compounds across the whole system. The implication for Calyx: an agent-native workspace cheap and learnable enough that blossoming entrepreneurs in places the AI tooling boom skipped can run a real business out of it.

3. Portfolio of Experiments as a design philosophy. Businesses are organisms on a fitness landscape — survival means continuously shrinking the gap between your model of the world and the world itself. Calyx is shaped to let knowledge workers run many small bets in parallel, see which ones reduce uncertainty fastest, and scale the winners. The FEP applied to how you ship work.

4. LLMs can shape-rotate, but they can't write. Models are reliable on tasks with verifiable success (math, code) and unreliable on tasks with subjective success (writing, judgement, taste). For the next decade the right interface isn't "AI does the work" — it's an environment where humans steer, agents handle the laborious middle, and the artefacts those agents produce live in a substrate the human can inspect.

Early to things

A few pieces of writing and work, with timestamps.

Information Liquidity & the 10X Knowledge Worker

2019

A Medium essay arguing that tools like Roam and Readwise would let knowledge workers compound information into 10× output. The Calyx thesis, written down before the AI wave.

Read on Medium →

The Information Frontier & AI Pathfinders

2018

A pair of unpublished essays arguing AI would do for cognition what the industrial revolution did for energy, and that we'd use AI as a "pathfinder" to explore possibility space before acting.

Custom instructions, projects, persona pipelines

Early 2023

Shipped swappable custom instructions and project switching for an AI chat product. Built a Coda pipeline generating personas at scale — prompts to generate prompts.

Multi-agent orchestration inside governments & startups

2024–25

Deployed Claude-Code-based multi-agent systems inside government departments and early-stage companies.

"Local-first markdown will eat this category"

Jan 2025

A note to myself pre-Calyx. The shift toward local-first, file-backed, agent-native workspaces is the bet Calyx is on.

Things I've built

HoHoHello.co

2023

A personalised video from Santa for anyone. Built in three weeks with HeyGen for generation and OpenAI for the script. The hardest part was finding a real Santa — I ended up buying a beard in the US and shipping it to Qatar, where Santa lived. A lot hotter than the North Pole.

hohohello.co →

ThoughtWeaver.ai

2023

An AI chat interface with a built-in prompt library, a persona library, and project switching — built as a contractor for futurist Ross Dawson. I led the UX and product work and managed the team. Custom-instructions and project switching were the two core features, and I built a Coda workflow that generated dozens of personas at scale (prompts to generate prompts).

thoughtweaver.ai →

Think & Grow — Company OS

2024

Built out a Notion-based operating system plus a series of tightly-integrated AI automations (primarily in Gumloop) that streamlined workshop delivery and the running of the wider organisation.

thinkandgrowinc.com →

Defend Free Speech Australia

2024

A civic tool to help everyday Australians push back on a proposed censorship bill. It generated a personal explanation of why the issue mattered to each user, then sent it to every Australian senator in one go.

defendfreespeechau.samhbarton.com →

Dragonfly Thinking website

2026

The old site was on Squarespace, completely off-brand, and a pain to work with. So I built a new one.

dragonflythinking.com →

Talk of Today — podcast

Founded at university

A long-form interview podcast I founded and hosted to chase my own curiosity, with guests including Kevin Kelly, Geoffrey West, and Aubrey de Grey.

Listen on Spotify →
What people say

"Sam's ability to grok, translate, and connect ideas is preternatural. Made for such a good conversation — at least for me."

— Talk of Today guest

"This was my favourite public conversation thus far. Beyond his capacity for stewarding one hell of a conversation, Sam's an incisive and insightful thinker in his own right. I can't recommend his show highly enough."

— Talk of Today guest

Building this with me.

I'm looking for a technical cofounder — someone with deep infrastructure, agentic-sandboxing, and security expertise — plus the early generalists who can build, ship, and explain.

Get in touch →
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